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Ankle pain is a common problem among runners and can result from a variety of causes. Among the most common are stress fracture, ankle sprain, tendinitis, and tibial stress syndrome. These conditions can arise due to intense training, incorrect running techniques or poor recovery. It is critical for runners to be aware of these risks to prevent injuries and maintain a healthy and sustainable running practice. Let’s look in more detail at the main causes of ankle pain in runners and associated symptoms.
- Ankle stress fracture: is a common injury among runners, caused by repeated overload on the ankle. This can happen when the intensity or duration of training is suddenly increased without allowing the body to gradually adapt. Symptoms include pain, swelling and difficulty walking.
- Ankle sprain: is another common problem among runners. It is caused by a sudden, disjointed inward or outward movement of the foot, which can lead to ligament injuries. Symptoms include pain, swelling and ankle instability.
- Ankle tendonitis is inflammation of the tendons caused by overload or repetitive strain. Runners who increase their activity too rapidly can develop this condition. Symptoms include pain, stiffness and swelling around the ankle.
It is important to see a doctor if you experience ankle pain during or after running. Early treatment can prevent
Stress fracture
Stress fractures are small cracks that form in the bone due to repetitive strain and abuse.Athletes, particularly runners, can be prone to this type of fracture if they run too much or if the body does not receive adequate nutrition, such as sufficient vitamin D and calcium.
Symptoms of a stress fracture include pain that worsens over time but decreases during rest, as well as swelling and persistent bruising.It is important to recognize these symptoms early to avoid complications and to prevent the fracture from worsening further.
To prevent stress fractures, runners should pay attention to training progression, gradually increasing the distance run and the workload. In addition, it is essential to eat a balanced diet rich in nutrients, especially vitamin D and calcium, which are critical for bone health.
If a stress fracture is suspected, it is important to consult a sports orthopedic specialist immediately.They will be able to assess the severity of the fracture and provide the necessary treatment, which may include rest, the use of a brace, physiotherapy and, in more severe cases, surgery.
Ankle sprain
Ankle sprains are quite common and usually occur during intense sports or physical activities. Most ankle sprains can be treated with nonsurgical methods, such as rest, ice, compression, and elevation. However, in some more severe cases, surgery may be necessary. They usually present as, swelling around the ankle, weakness or instability of the ankle, a locked or jerking sensation in the ankle. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if an ankle sprain is suspected, as early treatment can reduce the risk of possible complications. A health professional will be able to correctly diagnose the sprain and recommend the best treatment plan.
Following the doctor’s instructions and performing proper rehabilitation can help restore full function to the ankle and prevent further damage.
Tendonitis
Tendonitis is a common condition that affects runners and manifests as an irritation or inflammation of a tendon. There are several causes that can contribute to the onset of tendonitis, especially among runners.
Overuse is often a contributing factor, as running too much or for too long can put enormous pressure on the tendons and cause irritation. In addition, wearing the wrong shoes can exacerbate the problem, as inadequate support can cause undue stress on the tendons during running.
Repetition is another important factor in the occurrence of tendonitis. Running in one direction on a track can exacerbate tendon irritation, as tendons are constantly subjected to the same stresses and repeated movements.
In addition, physical attributes can play a significant role in tendonitis. Low arches and flat feet can put increased pressure on the tendons, leading to inflammation and pain.
Common symptoms of tendonitis include pain, often described as a dull ache when moving the ankle, swelling, and limitation of movement. These symptoms can vary in intensity and may worsen during or after running.
To prevent tendonitis, it is important to follow certain precautions:
- First, it is essential to avoid overuse and not to run excessively.
- It is advisable to wear shoes suitable for running that provide adequate support and cushioning for the feet.
- It is advisable to alternate running direction on a track or path to avoid excessive strain on the tendons.
If you suspect you have tendonitis, you should consult a physician or physical therapist for a thorough evaluation and proper treatment.Treatment may include rest, physical therapies, stretching exercises, and muscle strengthening to improve tendon flexibility and strength.Taking proper precautions and seeking appropriate treatments can help prevent and address this condition, allowing runners to continue to enjoy running safely and without pain.
Treating ankle pain
Treating ankle pain requires some basic steps to reduce stress on the ankle and promote healing in the body. The first step is to take a break from running or other activities that may aggravate the pain. Rest is the first step in the treatment method known as R.I.C.E.(Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation)(Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation).
During the first 48-72 hours, it is important to avoid putting weight on the ankle. To reduce swelling, you can apply an ice pack to the injury for 15 to 20 minutes, four to eight times a day. This procedure can be continued until the swelling improves. You can also wrap the ankle with an elastic bandage or use a compression sleeve specifically designed for ankles. When possible, it is advisable to keep the ankle elevated above the level of the heart.
R.I.C.E. is a treatment method that aims to relieve pain, reduce swelling and accelerate the healing process. If needed to relieve pain and inflammation, you might also consider over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
In addition, it is important to consult a professional if pain persists or worsens. A doctor or physical therapist will be able to provide a proper evaluation and a personalized treatment plan to address your specific ankle problem. Always remember to listen to your body and not to force your ankle during the healing process.
When to consult the doctor?
The ankle is an important part of our body and can be subject to various kinds of pain and injury. But when should you be concerned and consult a doctor about your ankle pain?
First of all, if your ankle pain persists for more than three days, you should consult your doctor. Persistent pain could indicate a more serious injury or an underlying problem that requires medical attention.
If, after a week of rest, you are still unable to run or support weight on your ankle, it is time to visit your doctor. This could indicate a more serious injury, such as a sprain or fracture, that needs proper diagnosis and treatment. Also, if your ankle is numb or unstable, it is important to visit your doctor. These symptoms could indicate nerve or ligament damage in the ankle that requires immediate medical attention.
Also, if you notice symptoms of infection in your ankle, such as intense redness or extension of the injury, it is critical to see a doctor. This could indicate a possible infection that requires antibiotic treatment.
Finally, if you have had multiple ankle injuries in the past, it is important to visit your doctor. This is because you may have developed a chronic injury or joint instability that requires specialized evaluation and treatment.
In conclusion, if you experience ankle pain, it is critical to pay attention to the signals your body is sending you. If pain persists, you cannot run or support weight on your ankle, you have symptoms of infection, or you have had multiple ankle injuries in the past, do not hesitate to consult your physician. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can help prevent future complications and improve your quality of life.
This article was originally written in Italian and translated English via deepl.com. If you notice a major error in the translation you can write to [email protected] to report it. Your contribution will be greatly appreciated